17th International Fiber and Polymer Research Symposium

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Synthesis of Polyurethane Dispersions for Textile Applications

Authors :

Canberk YÜKSEL¹ Metin TÜLÜ²

1- Yıldız technical university 2- Yildiz Technical University

Keywords :

Polyurethane،Diisocyanate،Dispersion،Textile،Application

Abstract :

This study focuses on the synthesis, characterization, and application of waterborne polyurethane dispersions (PUDs) in the textile industry. Polyurethanes (PU) are known for their versatility and wide application range, with particular emphasis on water-based systems in this research. Experimentally, waterborne polyurethane dispersions were synthesized using five different diisocyanates: Isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), Hydrogenated MDI (H12MDI), Hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), Trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate (TMDI), and Tetramethylxylylene diisocyanate (TMXDI). The study examines the effects of these diisocyanates on the properties of the dispersions. Characterization of the dispersions involved analysis of active substance content, ionic values, particle sizes, and zeta potentials. Additionally, the thermal properties of the polymers were investigated using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). The effects of PUDs on the mechanical and physical properties of denim and woven cotton were assessed through various standard tests, including tensile strength, rubbing fastness, and wrinkle recovery enhancement. Results indicated that the type of diisocyanate significantly influences the performance of polyurethane dispersions. TMXDI, H12MDI, and TMDI exhibited high performance in tensile strength tests, while IPDI and HDI excelled in rubbing fastness and pilling tests. The choice of diisocyanate also played a crucial role in other properties such as water penetration resistance and wrinkle recovery. These findings provide guidance for potential applications of waterborne polyurethanes in the textile industry and highlight the importance of strategic diisocyanate selection to optimize properties.